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Bachelor’s studies in Germany: universities, cost, prospects after graduation and other useful information for applicants.
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Bachelor's programs in Germany attract over 100 thousand international students every year[1]. This trend can be attributed to several key factors. Firstly, German education holds a reputation for being exceptionally high in quality. According to the QS rating, an impressive 30 German universities rank among the top 500 globally[2]. Secondly, studying at state universities in Germany is free, with the exception of Baden-Württemberg. The only expenses students might incur are annual administrative fees, which cover transportation, library subscriptions, and provide access to museums and cafes. However, it's important to note that the cost of living in Germany is not the cheapest — at least 11,300 USD per year.
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Advanced searchBachelor’s programs at German universities typically span 3-4 years. The academic year is structured into two semesters: spring runs from April 1st to September 30th, while winter spans from October 1st to March 31st.
Bachelor's programs are structured into two distinct phases:
An interim exam, referred to as the Zwischenprüfung, is administered between these two educational phases. This assessment evaluates the students’ acquired knowledge and is generally a written exam lasting around 2-3 hours.
German universities place significant emphasis on practical experience. In the final semester, students are required to complete an internship aligned with their study profile at a company.
German universities offer students a great deal of academic freedom. Typically, there are only around 5-6 mandatory subjects, leaving students free to select the rest of their courses based on their preferences.
The instructional format varies. Alongside the traditional lectures and seminars, group projects are frequent occurrences and are often conducted on a weekly basis. Expect a substantial amount of written assignments throughout your academic journey at German universities, even during holidays. Exams are primarily conducted in written form as well.
German universities witness a notably high dropout rate among foreign students — 45%[3]. This trend can be attributed to a combination of factors. On one hand, the lack of strict control can lead to reduced student motivation. On the other hand, demanding exams require not only attending lectures, but also dedicating significant extracurricular time to study extensive materials.
If a student fails to pass a subject after the third attempt, they are expelled without the chance to re-enter the chosen program. However, the period provided to address these academic challenges can extend up to 7 years, leading many students to remain at the university for a duration longer than the standard 4 years.
More about: higher education in GermanyIf applying after completing the 11th grade of a school or college, your initial step should be to undertake preparatory courses at a Studienkolleg. Upon gaining admission to a university, you will be directed to these courses.
After finishing the preparatory courses and successfully passing the FSP final exam, the next step involves reapplying to your chosen university. For many institutions, this process is largely a formality, resulting in automatic enrollment. Should you decide to opt for a different university, you can employ the same FSP results and certification. There is no need to revisit the Studienkolleg phase.
For those who attended a private Studienkolleg, the procedure remains the same — completing the FSP, gathering your high school diploma and language certificate, and applying to the university. It's advisable to search for a private Studienkolleg offering the universally recognized FSP program.
You can also directly apply to a German university, bypassing the Studienkolleg phase. This route suits school graduates who have already completed a year of bachelor’s studies in their home country. However, your chosen field of study must align with the program in which you intend to enroll in Germany. Additionally, ensure that your university holds recognition in Germany. You can verify this information on the Anabin website.
Document submission is usually overseen by the uni-assist service. However, admission to programs subject to national quotas may require additional registration.
In Germany, a Numerus clausus system exists to regulate the allocation of study placements. This results in universities falling into three distinct categories:
Document submission deadlines might vary if the university employs the VPD procedure (Vorprüfungsdokumentation) — a preliminary documentation evaluation of previous diplomas. Upload your documents well in advance on the university's website, as processing a VPD request can typically take from 4 to 6 weeks[7].
More about: admission into other degree programsFollowing university graduation, you have the option to prolong your visa for a year and a half to search for employment (Aufenthaltsgenehmigung). The German job market is notably competitive, and the unemployment rate is 5.9%. To provide context, the European average stands at 6.5%[8].
In March 2020, the priority check system was canceled. As a result, EU citizens no longer hold an official employment advantage over foreigners[9]. And, even if you face challenges in the German job market, opportunities can still be pursued in other EU countries. A German diploma carries substantial global recognition and esteem.
More about: immigration to GermanyIn Germany, master's programs taught in English are widespread. Consequently, the number of foreign graduate students surpasses that of bachelor students, with figures standing at 197000 against 130000[1].
Abundant scholarships are available for students pursuing master’s programs. Besides DAAD, which offers financial support across all study levels, the Heinrich Böll Foundation is another notable option. This foundation concentrates its scholarships exclusively on undergraduate and doctoral students.
More about: master's programs in Germany60+ countries
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